天然二水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(CaSO4·2H2O)又稱為生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao),經過(guo)煅(duan)(duan)燒、磨細可得β型(xing)半水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(CaSO4·1/2H2O),即建筑石(shi)(shi)膏(gao),又稱熟石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)、灰泥。若(ruo)煅(duan)(duan)燒溫度(du)為190 °C可得模(mo)型(xing)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao),其細度(du)和白(bai)度(du)均比(bi)建筑石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)高。若(ruo)將生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)在400-500 °C或高于(yu)800 °C下煅(duan)(duan)燒,即得地板石(shi)(shi)膏(gao),其凝結、硬化較慢,但硬化后強度(du)、耐磨性和耐水(shui)(shui)性均較普(pu)通(tong)建筑石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)為好。通(tong)常為白(bai)色(se)(se)、無色(se)(se),無色(se)(se)透明晶(jing)體稱為透石(shi)(shi)膏(gao),有(you)時因(yin)含雜質而成灰、淺(qian)黃(huang)、淺(qian)褐等(deng)色(se)(se)。
石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)屬單斜晶(jing)系,解理度(du)(du)很高(gao)(gao),容易裂(lie)開成薄片。將石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)加(jia)熱100~200°C,失(shi)去部分結(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)(shui),可得(de)到(dao)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)。 α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)結(jie)晶(jing)良好(hao)(hao)、堅(jian)實; β型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)是片狀并(bing)有裂(lie)紋的(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)體,結(jie)晶(jing)很細(xi)(xi),比表面積比 α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)大得(de)多。生產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)制品(pin)(pin)時, α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)比 β型(xing)(xing)需水(shui)(shui)量少(shao),制品(pin)(pin)有較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)密實度(du)(du)和強度(du)(du)。通常(chang)用蒸(zheng)壓(ya)釜在(zai)飽和蒸(zheng)汽介質(zhi)中蒸(zheng)煉而(er)(er)成的(de)(de)(de)是 α型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),也(ye)稱(cheng)高(gao)(gao)強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao);用炒(chao)鍋或(huo)回轉窯敞開裝置煅煉而(er)(er)成的(de)(de)(de)是β型(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),亦即(ji)建(jian)筑(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)。半(ban)(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)拌和的(de)(de)(de)漿體重新形成二水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)、在(zai)干(gan)燥過程(cheng)中迅速凝結(jie)硬(ying)(ying)化(hua)而(er)(er)獲得(de)強度(du)(du),但遇(yu)水(shui)(shui)則軟化(hua)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)是生產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)凝材料(liao)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)建(jian)筑(zhu)制品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原料(liao),也(ye)是硅(gui)酸鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)的(de)(de)(de)緩凝劑。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)經600~800°C煅燒(shao)后,加(jia)入(ru)少(shao)量石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰等催化(hua)劑共同(tong)磨(mo)(mo)細(xi)(xi),可以得(de)到(dao)硬(ying)(ying)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)結(jie)料(liao)(也(ye)稱(cheng)金氏膠(jiao)結(jie)料(liao));經900~1000°C煅燒(shao)并(bing)磨(mo)(mo)細(xi)(xi),可以得(de)到(dao)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)煅燒(shao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)。用這兩種石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)制得(de)的(de)(de)(de)制品(pin)(pin),強度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)于建(jian)筑(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)制品(pin)(pin),而(er)(er)且硬(ying)(ying)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)結(jie)料(liao)有較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)熱性(xing),高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)煅燒(shao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)有較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)耐磨(mo)(mo)性(xing)和抗水(shui)(shui)性(xing)。
目(mu)前,我們公(gong)司(si)可設(she)計(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)數十種規格的生(sheng)產(chan)線(xian),并能根據用戶(hu)的不同需求(qiu)量身定做不同生(sheng)產(chan)工藝(yi)的生(sheng)產(chan)線(xian)。
階段
石膏粉生(sheng)產線采用國內成熟(shu)先進(jin)的(de)工藝設備,如立(li)式(shi)磨粉機、沸騰爐等(deng)。 |
階段
破碎機(ji)將大尺寸(cun)的石(shi)膏礦石(shi)破碎成小(xiao)于30mm的小(xiao)塊顆(ke)粒,輸送磨機(ji)進行粉磨; |
第三(san)階段
選粉(fen)(fen)機(ji)將粉(fen)(fen)磨(mo)后(hou)達到產品(pin)所需細度的(de)(de)石膏生粉(fen)(fen)送(song)入(ru)沸騰(teng)爐(lu)進行煅燒,其余(yu)部分(fen)返(fan)回磨(mo)機(ji)進行再次粉(fen)(fen)磨(mo)直合格。沸騰(teng)爐(lu)是建筑石膏煅燒設備(bei)(bei)中在我國應用廣(guang)的(de)(de)設備(bei)(bei),該設備(bei)(bei)結(jie)構簡單(dan),操(cao)作(zuo)方便。 |
第四階段
煅(duan)燒后的合格(ge)石膏粉送(song)入(ru)熟料倉儲(chu)存(cun)或送(song)入(ru)制品車間使用。 |
我公司設計的石膏粉生產線采用國內成熟先進的工(gong)藝設備(bei),如歐(ou)版T形磨等。歐(ou)版T形磨是建筑(zhu)石膏煅燒設備(bei)中在我國應用廣的設備(bei)。結(jie)構簡單、小巧、生產能力大(da) 設備(bei)結(jie)構緊(jin)湊、不易損(sun)壞、占地面積小、耗損(sun)低操作方便。
新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)具有(you)輕(qing)質(zhi)、高強度、保溫、節能、節土、裝(zhuang)飾(shi)等優良(liang)特性。采用(yong)新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)但使(shi)(shi)房(fang)屋功(gong)能大(da)大(da)改善,還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物內外更具現代氣息(xi),滿足人們的(de)審(shen)美要求。新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)的(de)性能和功(gong)用(yong)各不(bu)(bu)(bu)相同,生產新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)產品(pin)的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)及工藝方法也各不(bu)(bu)(bu)相同。有(you)的(de)新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)顯著(zhu)減輕(qing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物自重,為推(tui)廣輕(qing)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結構創造了(le)條件,大(da)大(da)加快(kuai)了(le)建(jian)(jian)房(fang)速度。有(you)的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)重在花色,如裝(zhuang)飾(shi)裝(zhuang)修材(cai)料(liao)(liao);有(you)的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)重在功(gong)能,如保溫材(cai)料(liao)(liao);有(you)的(de)則(ze)通過深加工衍生出(chu)多個品(pin)種(zhong),如新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)材(cai)等。以(yi)(yi)新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)材(cai)為例。目前新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)材(cai)有(you)幾十(shi)個品(pin)種(zhong),其(qi)中紙面石膏板(ban)、玻璃(li)纖維增強水泥(GRC)板(ban)、無石棉硅鈣板(ban)是目前中國生產量、應用(yong)普遍的(de)三(san)種(zhong)新型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)材(cai)。這三(san)種(zhong)板(ban)材(cai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)但所采用(yong)的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,生產工藝不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,其(qi)性能和功(gong)用(yong)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)同。它們所用(yong)的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)均為非(fei)金(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)(liao)而且很容易(yi)得到,采用(yong)它們作為原(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)板(ban)材(cai),再分別配上防(fang)(fang)滲、保溫、防(fang)(fang)火等功(gong)能材(cai)料(liao)(liao),采用(yong)復合技術,可(ke)(ke)生產出(chu)各種(zhong)輕(qing)質(zhi)和性能優越的(de)新型(xing)(xing)墻(qiang)體材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。